Hydrocarbon rock-drill.



'HIGH FILED APE. 16, 1963, REHEWED JUE 1007.

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WITNESSES:

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3. V. MCB Jn. EYDROCAEBON ROGK DRILL. PPLIOMION FILED 23.16, 190s. nmmwm imm 4, 19m,

PTENTED AUG. 20, 1907. J'. V. RICE, JR. HYDROCARBN ROCK DRILL. APFLIGATON FLED APR.16,1903. RENEWED JUNI] 4,1907.

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no. 963,646. PATENTED AUG. z 0, 1907.

(Y. V.'RIGE, JR. HYDROGARBON .ROCK DRILL.

APPLIOATION FILED APR.16, 1903. RENEWED JUNE 4, 1907.

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,either with or without a water jacket.

nvrr TED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

lJOHN V. RICE, JR., OF EDGEWATER PARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF OXE-EIGHTHTO ALBERT EDWARD TOWER, O F POUGHKEEPSIE, NEW YORK, AND SEVEN-FIGHTERS TO FRED E. TASKER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.'

HYDROCARBON ROCK-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 20, 1907.

Application tiled April 16, 1903, Serial No. 152,964. Renewed June Li,19()7. Serial No. 377,263.

To all whom it may concern:l

Be it known that I, JOHN VIRICE, Jr., a citizen oi the United States of America, and a resident of Edgewater Park, in the county of Burlington, State oi New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Hydrocarbon Rock-Drills, ot' which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to an improvement in hydrocarbon or gas-actuated rock drills, its object being to provide a simple and effective drilling mechan'sm, which will develop a very high efficiency in operation, but can be run economically because oi the character of the u-el and the nature oi the explosive motor that drives the tool; and the invention consists essentially in-the construction, arrangement and combination of parts, substantially as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the annexed drawings illustrating my invention, Figure l isl a side elevation, in partial section, o my improved hydrocarbon rock drill.` Fig.` 2 is a horizontal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a similar horizontal section of a portion o the mechanism, showing the piston rod or the drill-carrying rod in a different position relatively to the actuating piston from that which it occupies in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line x x of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail end view ot' one oi the sectional rings. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view in detail, delineated somewhat conventionally, representing thedifferent parts o one example of igniting device. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional plan view of a,

-suitable or preferred design and form, being generally open at one end and closed at the other, and made At 'the closed end is the explosion chamber 40, While the other or open attached thereto or made a part thereoi. Piston l2 is of a hollow elongated pattern or type, one end entering and working within the cylinder l, where it receives against itselt' the impact due to the success-ive explosions ot the mixture ot' air and gas ignited in the combustion chamber 40', while the other end oi this long piston plays back and orth inside of the hollow extension7 and carries the piston-rod or drill-supporting rod 18, the means for imparting rotation to said rod,

and the means for cushioning the blow of the tool.

This rod 18 has on its outer end thc drill-chuck 1G adapted to hold any suitable drill or other tool; also it has a shoulder 18n which is adapted to abut against the outer end of piston 12 at certain times. The exterior surface oi the drill-supporting rod 18, which rod may also be termed the piston rod, is, between the chuck 16 and the shoulder 18, .slightly rounded (lished, or concavcd atl7, making it, as it were, in th shape of a spool, for a purpose tolle presently ex plained. Piston rod 18 moves obviously with the piston 12, but it also has a secondary movement within the piston, and to its inner end is securely fastened an inner sliding block` 20 that reciprocates in the eli-.unber 21 in piston 12, see Figs. 2 and 3. Further rod 18 has acentral bore 19, and the inner sliding block 2O is perforated similarly to coincide with bore 19.

Means are provided to impart a rotation to the drilling implement or other tool by rotating the rod 1S which carries it. In the present example of my inventionsaid means are carried by the piston and consist of a spirally-grooved rod 15 engaging internal ribs or pins within block 20, on the end of which grooved rod 15 is a ratchet wheel 14 contained within a ring 27 stationary inside the piston 12, the end ofthe piston adjoining the ring 27 being closed'by a screw plug or head 13 that screws tightly into the piston against the ring 27. Suitahlerpawls 2.8, see Fig. 4, acted on by springs 41, engage the teeth of ratchet wheel'14 and prevent it from revolving in one direction though permitting it to turn freely in the other; so that when the piston is traveling in one direction-preferably the up-strokethe tool will be partially rotated, but when the piston travels inthe opposite direction-preferably the downstroke--tle' drill will pursue a rectilineal and nonrotary, movement; it being apparent that the grooved rod 15 will have no endwise movement relatively to the piston 12, because the ratchet 14 pulls tightly against-the flange oi'ring 27, although the piston rod 1S in its secondary movement slips freely baci; and forth on that portion of rod 15 whichtlies within the boi-elf), wherein rod 18 revolves or not, as stated. And it will thus be seen that the. means for rotating the drill are not brought into action directly by the reciprocation 0i the piston, but by the rods retmn movement sii-ter the additional yielding movement oi the piston-rod which produces the cushion e'l'iect.

The cylinder l and connected'parts are carried by lsome suitable supporting frame, as 42, on lwhich they are adjustable by a screw 43, or by some otherl equivalent and convenient device; in connection with which the usual tripod support may be utilized.

it becomes'oi the greatest importance in a drill oi kind', which Vis used in boring holes in rocks oi' all degrees o hardness and ilintiness, to lind some Way of `mitigating the intensity oi the blow of the drill upon' to e'ectually cushion the movement of the drill andl provide'the requisite elasticity, I provide an elastic connection between the piston' and the piston-rod, which connection may consist of means carried by the piston for causing a lateral yielding pressure against the piston-rod, or means carried by the piston rod for causinga lateral` yielding pressure against the piston, so as to regulate the rectilineal movement of the piston-rod and thus subdue the violence withoutmaterially detracting from the strength oi the blow of the tool. One form' othis meansconsists of a series oi springs 22 arranged'around 4thedrill-carrying rod and ypressing upon and against the side oi the latter for the purposeA of making the movement thereof yielding and easy. These springs 22 may consist of a single leaf or a plurality of leaves. Their free ends have cup bearings 23 carrying anti-friction balls 24 that tiavelfon the concave lineil7 of the spool portion oi rod 18, thus preventinggfriction and giving a strong and even,- pressure. The inner ends of springs 22 are preferably bent to .take into notches 58 on the outside'o piston l2, and are held in this position by the sleeve 25 which screws over the end of piston l2 and is interiorly beveled, there being a sectional beveled ring 26e-see Fig. 5- betweenvsleeve 25 and springs 22 which is tightened more or less agaim the springs by the screwing up of i the sleeve 25 upon and against the sectional ring 26,

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whereby the springs 22 are caused to bear with greater or less tension-against the side of rod 18.

Bolted to the cylinder l in any suitable manner is a frame or casting 2, which provides the head of the cylindr ii desired, as shown, 'and also which affords a substantial bearing across the end ofthe machinefor a inain transverse shaft `3, a bushing being preferably placed in the bearing for the easy running of the shaft. This shaft vhas'on each end a ily-wheel 4 providedwith a crank pin 4, Two fly-wheels are preferred, out one may be used if desired. Connecting rods l0, extend from the pins 4a to the piston-carried pins or journals "lli On the shaft 3 is Worin .5 that meshes with and drives a small Worm pinion 6 on a shaft 29 supported at right angles to shaft 3 in suitable bearings in frame 2.

The frame of casting 2 contains an inlet chamber 69 having an induction opening 7l entered by a pipe or passage leading from the vaporizer and the gasolene or the exhaust chamber and thence to atmosphere essere hydrocarbon tank to supply the requisite explosive ,mixture of air and gas to the' cylinder. 33 denotes the inlet valve for theA air and gas, opening yfrom the chamber to the explosion chamber 40, said valve being carried by a stem 35, having'a closing spring 72, while the end of the stem projects into a position tobe struck by the earn 3l on the shaft 29; and'?J denotes the ex lia-ust or outlet valve for the spent products-oi the-ex#v plosiens, leading from the explosion chamber 40 'into through some suitable vent or. eduction port, said., valve 32 having a stem 34 provided with-a closing spring 79, while the vend ol' the stem 34 projects into' a position to be struck by another cam 30 which is iast on the shaft 29; the said two cam devices 90 and 3l being so arranged relatively to each other, projecting as they do in different directions, that when one is acting on-the end of one valve stem for the purpose oi opening its valve, the other Will be inactive and exert no pressure against the stem oi the other valve; that is tosay, when the inlet valve is open the exhaust valve will be closed, and when the exhaust valve is open the inlet valve will be closed.

Any suitablel sparking mechanism may be utilized to explode the charge of air or gas after it has been in troduced into cylinder. I do not wish to be restricted to any particular kind. Ordinarily l have employed a common spark plug, see Fig. 6, in which`54 indicates the insulation surrounding it; 53, the plug proper; and 5l, the adjustable screw forming one oi the electrodes or Contact points; while 52 denotes a spring finger forming the other electrode and 4projecting( into the explosion chamber alongside the screw 5l so that aspark will be produced between the points of the two electrodes .When the electrical circuit is closed. A `Wire runs to the outer end of the finger 52 and another wire to the outer end of the screw'5l. On the shaft 29 is a rotary cam 47 xed thereto and revolving therewith. During each revolution it strikes against a spring finger 49 which is carried by an adjustable arm 105 45, one end of which is hung loosely on shaft 29. The

other end of the adjustable arm 45 has therein a pin 46 which passes through a slotted stationary segment 44 and is yprovided with set screw 48 Afor clamping arm 45 to the segment 44 at any desired position oi 110 adjustment. The spring 49 is insulated by means oi the insulating'material 75 through which pass binding screws`74, 74, to which are attachedA electric wires. Spring 49 connects with one of the binding screws 74, While the otherl binding screwv 74 carries the plate 50. 115 into contact with which the linger 49 is brought at each revolution .of the 'cam 47,. thereby causing the electric circuit to be closed. Hence, the timing or' the spark may be regulated by the adjustable arm 45 which, by a'cha'nge of position, places the iinger 49 in 120 different locations and thus enables the cam 47 to act been seen that the yieldingI means on the piston tightly grips the sides of the drill-supporting rod in order to enable 'the blow of the drill lo be cushioned. ln the present inoditication there is a reversal ot' the arrangev ment, in that' a yielding ineans on the drill-carrying roll gmSl-ls.- 01 tightly hugs, a portion ol the piston, although i -1ng pinion 6 on shaft 29, and also the connecting rods 1Q, 10 which communicate motion from the piston to the iiy-wheel. 57 designates a modified piston, one end of which is within the cylinder 55, while the other slides wit-hin thel cylindrical extension 60 oi the cylinder, that'forms a guide for the movement of the piston, said extension 60 having oppositely located elongated slots'59,59 that receive integral projections 58 on the piston 57, which projections 58 are loosely connec'ted to the connecting rods 10. The drill-carrying or piston rod 61 has the same chuck 16 as the drill-carrying rod 18 in Fig. 1, and carriesa series oi springs 66, each consisting preferably oi several leaves, the free ends of said springs 66 being provided with cup-shapedbearings `containing ball's 67, while the other ends ofthe springs are secured to the drill-carrying rod 61 by means oi the internally screw-threaded4 sleeve 76 that fits neatly into and slides within the guiding Aextension 60, there being a sectional beveledring 77 between the sleevel "I6 and the springs 66, the interior surface of said sleeve 76 being corresoondingly beveled, and the function oi the intermediate ring being to make the tension oi the sleeve greater or less according to the adjustment of the parts.v The balls 67 carried bythe springs 66,

like the balls 24 carried by the springs 22 in Fig. 1, bear upon a concave surface, but said' surface instead of being on' the drill-carrying rod as in Fig. 1 is on the central portion 68 of the piston 57. This piston is hollow, as shown, and is shaped to present this integral central portion, against which the pressure of the yielding tingers on the. drill-carrying rod may be brought. Said central portion 68' is hollow, being provided with a cylindrical bore 78 to receive the end 62 of the drillcarrying or piston rod 61, said end being hollow at 63 and fitted at the endwith a sleeve 79 which is screwed thereinto, as shown in Fig. 7\. A spirally-grooved rod 64 enters the bore 63 in the part 62 oi the piston rod 61, passing through the inserted sleeve 79, and the groove in rod 64 engages one or more lugs, pins or ribs on the interior of the sleeve 79, or within the bore 63; and said spirally-grooved'rod 64 is attachediito'a ratchet wheel 65 that works in combination with a pawl 80, said ratchet 65 and its pawl being held within a recess in the piston 57 by means oi' a cover or plate 81. 1t will be understood, of course, that the piston 57 reciprocates in consequence of the blows exerted thereon by the explosions of the mixture ot' gas and air and that the grooved rod and ratchet device impart intermittent partial rotations to the piston rod on each reverse movement of the latter o; upstroke of the piston; and

furthermore, that the cushioned connection between the piston rod and the piston aets with substantially the saine function and el'iect as is the ease with [he mech-- anisni represented in Figs. l, 2 and Il, the whole object ot' the yielding combination being to enable the blow ot' the drill to he struck with greater case, but no less power.

ln Figs. S and 9 l have shown another modilication in the arrangement' ot' the pressure devices acting against the side ot' the piston rod. 76 denotes a rod the saine lia-ving a. bent' inner end engaging-anoteh on the piston and held loosely in place by the screw ring TT. These rods are preferably single and not a multiple Construction. There is preferably one rod located on one side of piston rod 18 and another one situated opposite on the other side.' At the outer end ot' each rod is secured a cross piece 79, and between the ends of these cross pieces are arranged spiral springs 7S, the ends of the springs passing through said cross-pieces and being held in place at'one end by ordinary nuts andgat the other end by thumb nuts 80, the latter permitting the tension of the springs to be regulated. Between the cross pieces 79 and the sides of the drill carrying rod 18 are small-balls or rollers 81. The provision'ot' the transverse spiral springs connecting the ends of rods 76 will be found serviceable for many purposes.

Still another modification is represented in Fig. 10 where a tube 82 is screwed upon the end oi the piston'. ATherouter end oi` this tube has a beveled flange S6. Inside the tube is a sliding ring 84 having a beveled edge. A spiral spring 83 is teiisioncd between the piston and the ring 84. Between the beveled edges of ring 84 and ofthe end of tube 82 is arranged a sts-ies of anti-friction balls 85. Thus the spring 83 pr.csses the balls 85 against the concave surface 17 of the piston rod and affords a yielding connection between the piston `rod and the piston.

Having thus described my invention what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a rock drill, the combination of a cylinder, avpisi lton therein. a piston rod having a movement with the piston and a secondary movement inside of the piston. means carried by the piston for imparting a rotation to the rod, and .elastic means connecting the pistou and piston rod,

consisting of a yielding rolling device on one element engaging a curved face of the other.

2. In a rock drill, the combination with an explosion cylinder,v and a piston therein. of a piston rod having a movement with the piston and a secondary movement inside of the piston, and elastic moans connecting the pist0n and piston rod, said means consisting of springs ou one element and exerting a yielding effect against the other element, and means carried by the piston for imparting a rotation to the rod.

3. In a rock drill, the combina/tion with an explosion cylinder' and a piston therein, c-'f a piston rod, having a concave face. and elastic mea/ris connecting the piston and piston rod, consisting of springs on the piston, together with rolling devices between said Springs and the concave face of the piston rod.

4. In a rock drill, the combination of a cylinder', a piston, a piston rod having a movement with the piston and asecondary movement inside of the piston, means on the piston -for exerting a pressure against the side of the rod to cushion the blow of the tool, said means consistingr of springs, and means carried by the piston for imparting la rotation to the rod.

In a rock drill, the combination with an explosion cylinder and a piston therein, of a piston rod having 'a concaveface, means carried by the piston for imparting `a Y rotation to the rod, and elastic means connecting the plston and the piston rod, said means consisting of springs of one clement and bearing laterally against the other.

6. 'In a rock drill, the combination with an explosion cylinder and a .piston therein, ol' a piston rod carrying the drilling tool, means carried-by the piston for imparting a rotation to' the rod. and means on the piston for exerting a pressure agaiust'the side of the rod, said means' consisting of springs having cup-shaped ends. together with balls situated between said ends and the concave face on the piston rod.

7. in a rock drill, the comhlnationora cylinder, a piston, a piston rod having a movement ivith the piston and a secondary movement inside of the piston, means on the piston for exerting a pressure against the side of the rod to cushion the blovi7 of the tool, land means carried bythe piston for imparting a rotation to the rod, said means consisting essentiallyv of arod having inclined grooves and a ratchet device. l

8. ln a' rock drill, the combination of a cylinder, a piston. a guide on the cylinder for the movement of the piston, amain shaft having a wheel thereon, a connection between said wheel and the piston, a piston rod'slidable within the piston-and having a movement'with the piston and a secondary movement inside of the piston,` means for yieldingly connecting the piston rod to the piston, and moans carried by-the piston for imparting rotation to'the rod. l

i). Ina rock drill, the combination of a cylinder having .an extension forming a guideI a piston in said cylinder and guide, a piston rod for carrying the tool, elastic means on the piston for exerting a yielding pressur against the side of thel piston rod. and means including a 'ratchet device carried by the piston for rotating the piston rod.

10. in a rock drill, the combination of a cylinder having a guide. a piston in said cylinder and guide, a piston rod having a movement with the plston and a secondary inove'l ment inside ot' the piston and carrying the tool, means on the piston exerting a pressure against the side of the rod to cushion the blow, said means consisting of springs carrying rolling devices Working against the concave face of the piston rod, and means carried by' the piston for rotat-l ing the piston rod consisting of a grooved rod entering the recess in the piston rod and provided With a ratchet and pawl device arranged in a recess in the piston'.

il. ln a hydrocarbon rock drill, the

cylinder having' an extension providing a guide, a piston combination v or a,

seams in said cylinder and guide; a piston rod slidabie within the piston, means on the piston for cxeitinga yielding pressure against the side of the rod to cushion the blow. and means-carried by the piston for rotating the piston rod.

12. In a hydrocarbonrock drill, the combinationo a cylinder. Yapiston". a piston rod having a movement with thepiston and a secondary movement inside of .the piston, means on the piston for-exerting a pressure against the side of thc rod to cushion the. blow of the tool. and means carried by the piston for imparting a lrotation to the rod.

13. In a hydrocarbon rock drill, the combination of a cylinder. a. piston, apistOn rod for supporting thetool or implement, said rod moving with the piston and having a secondary movement relatively to the piston.' means on the piston pressing against the side of the piston rod land consisting essentially of springs actingagainst a concave face of the rod and means carried by the piston for imparting a rotation to the rod.

14. In a hydrocarbon rock drill, the combination of a cylinder, a piston; a' piston .rod moving with the piston and having a secondary movement relativelyto the piston, said rod moving inside of the piston and .carrying thenein a slidi1ig,block, means for rotating the' piston rod, said means consisting of a grooved rod inside the piston rod and provided with a ratchet-and pawl device located in a recess in4 they piston, and-"means for cushioning the blowol the tool consisting of springs on the piston exerting a 'pressure upon the rod so as to make its rectilineal, movement elastic.

15. Ina hydrocarbon rock drill, the combination of a cylinder having an extension providing `a piston guide, a holiow ,piston in said cylinder and guidofa piston rod slidablc within the piston and carrying a block inside of the latter, said rod having a movement with the piston and asecondary movement'inside-of the piston, means carried bythe piston for impartingv a rotation to themed, consisting of aV spirally grooved rod and a pawl and ratchet. and spring means on the piston exerting a lateral pres'sn'ire within a concaved face of the rod to control the rectilinesl movement of. the latter.

signed at New York city this Q mday of Api-n '19o-i.

JOHN v. nien, JR.

Witnesses .TOH'N H. HAznn'roN, A. EJSAMUnLs. 

